What is the pathophysiology of sinusitis?
Pathophysiology. The most common cause of acute sinusitis is an upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) of viral origin. The viral infection can lead to inflammation of the sinuses that usually resolves without treatment in less than 14 days.
What are the differential diagnosis of sinusitis?
Other differential diagnosis that may be considered include pain of dental origin (eg, caries), gastroesophageal reflux, nasal polyps, migraine headache, and acute otitis media.
What is the treatment for maxillary sinusitis?
Treatment of acute sinusitis is based on relief of symptoms and does not involve antibiotics unless the patient is pyrexial or there is evidence of spread of infection beyond the confines of the sinus. Rather, treatment is based on topical nasal decongestants and saline irrigation of the nasal cavity.
How is ethmoid sinusitis treated?
Over-the-counter treatments Over-the-counter pain relievers can help ease ethmoid sinusitis discomfort. Examples include acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and aspirin. Steroid nasal sprays, such as fluticasone (Flonase), are also short-term solutions for a runny nose.
What are the symptoms of an anaphylactoid reaction?
Anaphylaxis is an acute fatal or potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction. Anaphylaxis represent a clinical diagnosis based on history and physical examination and includes symptoms of airway obstruction, generalized skin reactions, particularly flushing, itching, urticaria, angioedema cardiovasc …
Can a histamine infusion cause anaphylaxis symptoms?
These reactions may be unrecognized if a rigid classic definition of anaphylaxis is used. Histamine is a primary mediator of anaphylaxis and signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis can be reproduced by histamine infusion. Histamine triggers a cascade of inflammatory mediators and modulates its own release.
How are histamine and antihistamines used to treat anaphylactoid?
Histamine triggers a cascade of inflammatory mediators and modulates its own release. H1-antihistamines are adjunctive treatment therapy for acute anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions, in which many mediators of inflammation are involved.
Are there any non IgE-mediated anaphylactoid reactions?
Non-IgE-mediated anaphylactoid reactions are common in medical settings and are clinically indistinguishable from anaphylaxis. These reactions may be unrecognized if a rigid classic definition of anaphylaxis is used.
